Disease phenotypic and outcome of very-early onset inflammatory bowel disease in Asian children: an understudied population.

Background: There is a paucity of knowledge on disease phenotype and outcome of very early-onset (VEO) inflammatory bowel disease (VEO-IBD) from recently developed and developing countries, including from Southeast Asia. We studied disease phenotype, clinical characteristics, management and outcome of VEO-IBD in South and Southeast Asian children.

Materials And Methods: We extracted data from a multicentre Asian pediatric (onset <18 years) IBD registry.

Gene expression and soluble protein level of PD-1 and its ligands (PD-L1 and PD-L2) in endometrial cancer.

Checkpoint programmed death-1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death ligands (PD-Ls) are negative immunoregulatory molecules that assist tumour cells in evading the immune system. The interaction of PD-1 and PD-Ls inhibits T cells and tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) while increasing the function of immunosuppressive regulatory T cells (Tregs). This leads to the evasion of the immune response by tumour cells.

Adult bilateral primary B-lymphoblastic lymphoma of the testis.

A man in his late 20s presented with a 7 day history of painless right scrotal swelling. Scrotal ultrasound revealed complete tumour infiltration of the right testis and two-thirds infiltration of the left testis. A right radical orchidectomy and left testicular biopsy confirmed B-lymphoblastic leukaemia/lymphoma.

Dual-Functional Antimicrobial and Low-Fouling Cellulose Coatings.

Surfaces contaminated with pathogens raise significant concerns due to their potential role in increasing the risk of disease transmission and subsequent infection. Existing surface coatings face several challenges that undermine their effectiveness and their broader applicability. These include the impact of surface topography on pathogen adhesion, which leads to biofouling, high production costs, scalability issues, as well as environmental concerns stemming from the utilization of toxic antifoulants and biocides.

Clinical presentation and outcomes of bloodstream infection with intrinsically carbapenem-resistant non-fermenting gram-negative organisms: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Elizabethkingia spp. and Chryseobacterium spp. in Singapore, from 2012 to 2024.

Background: Bloodstream infections with the non-fermenting Gram-negative organisms Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Elizabethkingia spp. or Chryseobacterium spp. are observed in nosocomial settings.