Identifying risk factors for development of nephrolithiasis in end-stage renal disease patients.

Introduction: We sought to assess the incidence and risk factors for stone development in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis (HD).

Methods: Medical records of patients receiving HD between 2007 and 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients who had been on HD for at least three months and had imaging studies (computed tomography [CT] scans or ultrasound [US]) pre- and post-initiation of HD were included.

The Relationship between Anthropometric Indices and Breast Cancer in Central Iran.

Anthropometric indices have a debatable relationship with breast cancer (BC) among different ethnicity. In the current study, we have evaluated the relationship between anthropometric indices and BC in Iranian participants. Between 2012 and 2014, a total of 7,805 women were enrolled from different mammography centers in Isfahan province, Iran.

Assessment of Treatment Response Following Yttrium-90 Transarterial Radioembolization of Liver Malignancies.

Transarterial radioembolization using yttrium-90 microspheres is an established and effective treatment for liver malignancies. Determining response to this treatment is difficult due to the radical changes that occur in tissue as a response to radiation. Though accurate assessment of treatment response is paramount for proper patient disposition, there is currently no standardized assessment protocol.

Precision analysis of a quantitative CT liver surface nodularity score.

Purpose: To evaluate precision of a software-based liver surface nodularity (LSN) score derived from CT images.

Methods: An anthropomorphic CT phantom was constructed with simulated liver containing smooth and nodular segments at the surface and simulated visceral and subcutaneous fat components. The phantom was scanned multiple times on a single CT scanner with adjustment of image acquisition and reconstruction parameters (N = 34) and on 22 different CT scanners from 4 manufacturers at 12 imaging centers.

Resistive flow sensing of vital mitochondria with nanoelectrodes.

We report label-free detection of single mitochondria with high sensitivity using nanoelectrodes. Measurements of the conductance of carbon nanotube transistors show discrete changes of conductance as individual mitochondria flow over the nanoelectrodes in a microfluidic channel. Altering the bioenergetic state of the mitochondria by adding metabolites to the flow buffer induces changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential detected by the nanoelectrodes.