The 24-kDa subunit of mitochondrial complex I regulates growth, microsclerotia development, stress tolerance, and virulence in Verticillium dahliae.

Background: The complete mitochondrial respiratory chain is a precondition for maintaining cellular energy supply, development, and metabolic balance. Due to the evolutionary differentiation of complexes and the semi-autonomy of mitochondria, respiratory chain subunits have become critical targets for crop improvement and fungal control. In fungi, mitochondrial complex I mediates growth and metabolism.

The acyl-CoA-binding protein VdAcb1 is essential for carbon starvation response and contributes to virulence in .

Unlabelled: In the face of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus starvation, microorganisms have evolved adaptive mechanisms to maintain growth. In a previous study, we identified a protein predicted to contain acyl-CoA-binding domains in the plant pathogenic fungus . The predicted protein, designated VdAcb1, possesses an atypical signal peptide.

Implications of the apparent extinction of B/Yamagata-lineage human influenza viruses.

Following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, the number of influenza viruses circulating globally fell to historically low numbers. Although influenza A and B/Victoria lineage viruses returned to normal patterns by 2022, B/Yamagata-lineage viruses have not been identified since 2020. The implications of the apparent extinction of this lineage of viruses on vaccine composition, and the risk of their re-introduction into the human population are discussed.

The Platform Trial In COVID-19 priming and BOOsting (PICOBOO): The immunogenicity, reactogenicity, and safety of licensed COVID-19 vaccinations administered as a second booster in BNT162b2 primed individuals aged 18-<50 and 50-<70 years old.

Objectives: PICOBOO is a randomised, adaptive trial evaluating the immunogenicity, reactogenicity, and safety of COVID-19 booster strategies. Here, we present data for second boosters among individuals aged 18-<50 and 50-<70 years old primed with BNT162b2 until Day (D) 84.

Methods: Immunocompetent adults who had received two doses of BNT162b2 and any licensed COVID-19 booster at least three months prior were eligible.

Inno4Vac Workshop Report Part 1: Controlled Human Influenza Virus Infection Model (CHIVIM) Strain Selection and Immune Assays for CHIVIM Studies, November 2021, MHRA, UK.

Controlled human infection models (CHIMs) are a critical tool for the understanding of infectious disease progression, characterising immune responses to infection and rapid assessment of vaccines or drug treatments. There is increasing interest in using CHIMs for vaccine development and an obvious need for widely available and fit-for-purpose challenge agents. Inno4Vac is a large European consortium working towards accelerating and de-risking the development of new vaccines, including the development of CHIMs for influenza, respiratory syncytial virus and Clostridioides difficile.