Do all Isler's type sacral fractures necessarily require surgical fixation?

Introduction: A unilateral vertical sacral fracture that exits medial or through the L5-S1 facet joint is considered to affect the lumbo-sacral integrity, and it is denoted as an indication for surgical fixation. However, no studies have analysed the outcomes after non-operative treatment of such injuries.

Methods: A retrospective review of all sacral fractures treated over a five-year period was performed to identify patients with Isler's fractures.

Comparative evaluation of stresses in tooth implant connected fixed partial denture by varying the implant design and position: a 3D finite element study.

Aim: This study aims at evaluating stresses generated in a fixed tooth to implant connected fixed partial denture (FPD) by finite element method by varying implant design and position, in unilateral distal extension cases, i.e. for replacing mandibular 1 st and 2 nd molars.