Childhood maltreatment and chronic "all over" body pain in adulthood: a counterfactual analysis using UK Biobank.

Evidence linking adverse childhood experiences and chronic pain in adulthood is largely cross-sectional, potentially subject to recall bias and does not allow exploration of mediating pathways. We analysed a large population-based cohort (UK Biobank) using a causal framework, to determine if childhood maltreatment is related to chronic "all over" body pain in adulthood. We used doubly robust estimation with inverse probability weights to estimate the difference in risk of chronic pain "all over" between those exposed/not exposed to childhood maltreatment (abuse or neglect).

Intra-Aneurysmal High-Resolution 4D MR Flow Imaging for Hemodynamic Imaging Markers in Intracranial Aneurysm Instability.

Background And Purpose: Prediction of aneurysm instability is crucial to guide treatment decisions and to select appropriate patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms (IAs) for preventive treatment. High-resolution 4D MR flow imaging and 3D quantification of aneurysm morphology could offer insights and new imaging markers for aneurysm instability. In this cross-sectional study, we aim to identify 4D MR flow imaging markers for aneurysm instability by relating hemodynamics in the aneurysm sac to 3D morphologic proxy parameters for aneurysm instability.

Three-Dimensional Morphological Change of Intracranial Aneurysms Before and Around Rupture.

Background And Objectives: Patients with an unruptured intracranial aneurysm often undergo periodic imaging to detect potential aneurysm growth, which is associated with an increased rupture risk. Because prediction of rupture based on growth is moderate, morphological changes have gained interest as a risk factor for rupture. We studied 3-dimensional-quantified morphological changes over time during radiological monitoring before rupture and around rupture.