Clinical significance of gene polymorphisms for hereditary predisposition to breast and ovarian cancer (review of literature).

The review presents classical and modern views on the molecular genetic causes underlying hereditary predisposition to breast and ovarian cancer. A computerized literature search was carried out in the electronic databases MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science, published between January 1994 and May 2021, using the keywords: «hereditary breast and ovarian cancer», «BRCA» and «DNA repair». Current views on the role of germline mutations in genes for susceptibility to breast cancer (BC): BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, TP53, CHEK2, PTEN, ATM, and PPM1D are presented.

[The opportunities of pneumovesicoscopic approach for correction of disorders of vesicoureteral junction in children].

Background: pneumovesicoscopic approach gives new possibilities for endovideosurgical correction of congenital ureteral and bladder pathology.

Aim: To increase the efficiency of ureteral reimplantation in patients with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), obstructive megaureter and bladder pathology by using pneumovesicoscopic access.

Materials And Methods: For the period 2014 - 2020 a total of 52 children aged from 10 months up to 15 years (median 2.

Field Survey of Ephedra Plants in Central Asia (1). Characterization of Ephedra equisetina, Ephedra intermedia, and Their Putative Hybrids Collected in the Zaravshan Mountains of Tajikistan.

Field surveys of Ephedra plants were conducted in the Zaravshan Mountains of Tajikistan. E. equisetina, E.

[The administration of neurocytoprotectors in a rat model of experimental spinal cord ischemia].

Aim: To study an effect of cortexin on functional recovery and morphology of the spinal cord of rats with spinal cord ischemia.

Material And Methods: Spinal cord ischemia was achieved by ligation of the infrarenal abdominal aorta in 16 rats stratified into two equal groups: the ligation of infrarenal aorta was performed in the control group, aorta ligation was performed also in the experimental group with preliminary intraperitoneally administration of cortexin in a dose of 0.15 mg/kg 30 min before procedure.