Colistin Resistance and ESBL Production in and from Pigs and Pork in the Thailand, Cambodia, Lao PDR, and Myanmar Border Area.

The study aimed to examine the prevalence and genetic characteristics of ESBL-production and colistin resistance in and from pigs and pork in the border area among Thailand, Cambodia, Lao PDR, and Myanmar. ( = 463) and ( = 767) isolates were collected from pig rectal swab from slaughterhouses ( = 441) and pork from retail markets ( = 368) during October 2017 and March 2018. All were determined for susceptibility to colistin and cephalosporins, ESBL production and and ESBL genes.

Avian influenza epidemiology in semi-intensive free ranging duck flocks of the Moyingyi Wetland in Bago East District, Myanmar.

Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5N1 first entered Myanmar in 2006 in the Mandalay District. Several H5N1 outbreaks followed and the one of Bago East District (2007) required post outbreak surveillance in the at-risk domestic duck population of the Moyingyi Wetland. A field epidemiological study based on a randomised prospective stratified study with five surveys provided the serological evidence that the avian influenza H5 subtype circulates in the domestic duck population and spreads to almost all the newly housed (and negative) flocks in the time span of a seasonal production cycle.

Retracted: Risks of avian influenza (H5) in duck farms in the Ayeyarwaddy Delta region, Myanmar.

The Ayeyarwaddy delta region in the south-west of Myanmar is the main agricultural and rice-growing area. The region has a high density of duck and backyard chicken populations with low biosecurity. The objective of this study was to analyse risk factors for avian influenza (H5) in the Ayeyarwaddy delta region, Myanmar.

Economic analysis of interventions to improve village chicken production in Myanmar.

A cost-benefit analysis using deterministic and stochastic modelling was conducted to identify the net benefits for households that adopt (1) vaccination of individual birds against Newcastle disease (ND) or (2) improved management of chick rearing by providing coops for the protection of chicks from predation and chick starter feed inside a creep feeder to support chicks' nutrition in village chicken flocks in Myanmar. Partial budgeting was used to assess the additional costs and benefits associated with each of the two interventions tested relative to neither strategy. In the deterministic model, over the first 3 years after the introduction of the interventions, the cumulative sum of the net differences from neither strategy was 13,189Kyat for ND vaccination and 77,645Kyat for improved chick management (effective exchange rate in 2005: 1000Kyat=1$US).

Morphological and molecular characterization of Explanatum explanatum from cattle and buffaloes in Myanmar.

A robust molecular marker is needed for discrimination of amphistome species, because identification based on morphology alone requires specialized knowledge and techniques. In this study, we performed morphological and molecular characterization of Explanatum explanatum, a species that causes severe liver damage in definitive host species. Fifty-five adult amphistomes were collected from cattle and water buffaloes in Myanmar.