Two Approaches to the Synthesis of Redox-Switchable 5,10,20-Triaryl-5,15-diazaporphyrinoids.

Despite the significant development and extensive application of phthalocyanine and related azaporphyrins, little attention has been paid to meso-N-substituted azaporphyrinoids. Here, we report new derivatives of 5,10,20-triaryl-5,15-diazaporphyrinoids (ArDAP), which are reversibly redox-switchable between the 18π- and 19π-electron state. Four kinds of metal(II) complexes and free bases of ArDAP were prepared by metal-templated cyclization of metal(II) complexes of 5,10,15-triaryl-10-azabiladiene-ac with sodium azide or copper-catalyzed N-phenylation of 10,20-diaryl-5,15-diazaporphyrins (ArDAP) with diphenyliodonium hexafluorophosphate.

Dynamics of Poly(3-hexylthiophene) Monolayers at Solution/Graphite Interfaces.

We have studied the dynamics of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) monolayers at the interfaces between highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) and P3HT solutions in 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene, using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Real-time STM observation at room temperature reveals that P3HT molecules adsorbed on graphite are substantially mobile even in densely packed conditions, causing significant fluctuations of the self-organized monolayer of P3HT. We find that in the monolayers, the orientational order is limited to a short range comparable to the polymer chain length.

Selective Attention Measurement of Experienced Simultaneous Interpreters Using EEG Phase-Locked Response.

We quantified the electroencephalogram signals associated with the selective attention processing of experienced simultaneous interpreters and calculated the phase-locked responses evoked by a 40-Hz auditory steady-state response (40-Hz ASSR) and the values of robust inter-trial coherence (ITC) for environmental changes. Since we assumed that an interpreter's attention ability improves with an increase in the number of years of experience of simultaneous interpretation, we divided the participants into two groups based on their simultaneous interpretation experience: experts with more than 15 years of experience (E group; = 7) and beginners with <1 year (B group; = 15). We also compared two conditions: simultaneous interpretation (SI) and shadowing (SH).

Impact of the Air Atmosphere on Photoinduced Chain Polymerization in Self-Assembled Monolayers of Diacetylene on Graphite.

We have studied the effect of the reaction environment on the photoinduced chain polymerization in self-assembled monolayers of a diacetylene compound 10,12-pentacosadiyn-1-ol on graphite, using scanning tunneling microscopy. Comparing the polymerization behaviors in air and in vacuum, we show that the polymer generation efficiency is considerably enhanced under vacuum because of suppressed collisional quenching of the photoexcited radicals by oxygen molecules. We also find that the polymer chain length tends to increase in vacuum as a result of the inhibition of deactivation of reactive species for the polymer chain growth due to oxidation.

Analysis of selective attention processing on experienced simultaneous interpreters using EEG phase synchronization.

This study analyzed the selective attention processing related to cognitive load on simultaneous interpretation (SI). We tested simultaneous interpreter's brain function using EEG signals and calculated inter-trial coherence (ITC) extracted by the 40-Hz auditory steady-state response (ASSR). In this experiment, we set two conditions as Japanese-English translation and Japanese shadowing cognition.