Method for retrieval of aerosol optical depth from multichannel irradiance measurements.

We present, to the best of our knowledge, a new method for retrieval of aerosol optical depth from multichannel irradiance measurements. A radiative transfer model is used to simulate measurements to create the new aerosol optical depth retrieval method. A description of the algorithm, simulations, proof of principle, merits, possible future developments and implementations is provided.

Ground-based measurements of total ozone column amount with a multichannel moderate-bandwidth filter instrument at the Troll research station, Antarctica.

Combining information from several channels of the Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU-UV) irradiance meter, one may determine the total ozone column (TOC) amount. A NILU-UV instrument has been deployed and operated on two locations at Troll research station in Jutulsessen, Queen Maud Land, Antarctica, for several years. The method used to determine the TOC amount is presented, and the derived TOC values are compared with those obtained from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) located on NASA's AURA satellite.

Author Correction: Elevated faecal 12,13-diHOME concentration in neonates at high risk for asthma is produced by gut bacteria and impedes immune tolerance.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Elevated faecal 12,13-diHOME concentration in neonates at high risk for asthma is produced by gut bacteria and impedes immune tolerance.

Neonates at risk of childhood atopy and asthma exhibit perturbation of the gut microbiome, metabolic dysfunction and increased concentrations of 12,13-diHOME in their faeces. However, the mechanism, source and contribution of this lipid to allergic inflammation remain unknown. Here, we show that intra-abdominal treatment of mice with 12,13-diHOME increased pulmonary inflammation and decreased the number of regulatory T (T) cells in the lungs.

High cloud coverage over melted areas dominates the impact of clouds on the albedo feedback in the Arctic.

Warming in the Arctic is larger than the global average. A primary reason for this Arctic Amplification is the albedo feedback. The contrasting albedo of sea ice and dark melted surface areas is the key component of albedo feedback.