The oriental hornet (Vespa orientalis) as a potential vector of honey bee's pathogens and a threat for public health in North-East Italy.

Background: Oriental hornets are large predatory hymenoptera that occur in the southern part of Asia and the southeastern Mediterranean. Among many pests of bee colonies, Vespa orientalis was recorded to be one of the most destructive.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to: (1) monitor the presence of pathogens carried by V.

Alcohol-related homicides committed by women.

In this paper we use data derived from interviews with female homicide offenders either incarcerated or on parole in New York to examine those cases (N=35) that the respondents believed were related to their use of alcohol at the time of the homicide. We found four basic types of these homicides based on victim-offender relationships and the circumstances of the incidents. Women who committed each type of alcohol-related homicide reported a variety of motives for committing these acts.