Cognitive performance among the elderly and dietary fish intake: the Hordaland Health Study.

Background: Increasing evidence suggests that cognitive impairment and dementia in older subjects might be influenced by a diet including seafood.

Objective: The objective was to examine the cross-sectional relation between intake of different amounts of various seafood (fish and fish products) and cognitive performance.

Design: The subjects (n = 2031 subjects; 55% women), aged 70-74 y, were recruited from the general population in Western Norway and underwent cognitive testing.

Folic acid supplements and risk of facial clefts: national population based case-control study.

Objective: To explore the role of folic acid supplements, dietary folates, and multivitamins in the prevention of facial clefts.

Design: National population based case-control study.

Setting: Infants born 1996-2001 in Norway.

Evaluation of three dietary assessment methods and serum biomarkers as measures of fruit and vegetable intake, using the method of triads.

The validity of fruit and vegetable intake estimated by 14 d weighed records, a twenty-seven-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and a 180-item FFQ was investigated using serum carotenoids as the validity criterion. In addition, the method of triads was used to assess the validity of fruit and vegetable intake estimated from the FFQ and serum carotenoids. One hundred Norwegian men completed 14 d weighed records and the 180-item FFQ.

[Consumption of whole grain foods and chronic disease].

Background: We summarise evidence concerning the health effects of whole grain intake, as well as implications for Norway. All forms of whole grain products contain both the bran and the germ, which are rich in nutrients, in addition to the starch-rich endosperm. However, refined grain consists only of the endosperm, which contains far fewer nutrients.

Usefulness of a short food frequency questionnaire for screening of low intake of fruit and vegetable and for intake of fat.

Background: Simple screening tools to identify intake of fruit, vegetables and fat are necessary to design effective public health intervention strategies in order to increase intake of fruit and vegetable and to reduce fat intake.

Methods: 108 men recorded their food intake for 14 days and filled in a 27-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) 1.5-2 months later.