Efficacy of Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Ultrasound Guidance for Neuraxial Anesthesia in Adult Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Artificial intelligence for ultrasound scanning in regional anesthesia is a rapidly developing interdisciplinary field. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of computer-aided three-dimensional ultrasound (C-aided US) guidance for neuraxial anesthesia in adult patients. We searched all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of adult patients who required neuraxial anesthesia in the MEDLINE, CENTRAL, Embase, International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP), and ClinicalTrials.

Perioperative Management of a Patient With Idiopathic Pulmonary Hypertension and a History of Syncope: A Case Report.

Pulmonary hypertension is characterized by higher-than-normal pulmonary arterial pressures. This case report describes the perioperative management of a male patient with idiopathic pulmonary hypertension and a history of vasovagal syncope during previous dental extractions with local anesthesia. He underwent successful extraction of a single tooth with intravenous moderate sedation using dexmedetomidine and midazolam as well as prilocaine with felypressin for local anesthesia.

Calmodulin: a highly conserved and ubiquitous Ca sensor.

Calcium ions (Ca) play critical roles in various biological phenomena. The free Ca concentration in the cytoplasm of a resting cell is at the 10 M level, whereas that outside the cell is 10 M, creating a 10,000-fold gradient of Ca concentrations across the cell membrane, separating the intracellular and extracellular solutions. When a cell is activated by external stimuli, the intracellular Ca concentration increases to levels of 10-10 M through Ca entry from the extracellular solution via plasma membrane Ca channels and/or Ca release from intracellular stores.