Spina bifida in pregnancy: A review of the evidence for preconception, antenatal, intrapartum and postpartum care.

Women with spina bifida in pregnancy require complex multi-disciplinary management. Most women have uncomplicated pregnancies; however, complications are more frequent than in 'low risk' pregnancies. Careful antenatal planning and management of the complications can optimise outcome.

A case of severe pyruvate kinase deficiency in a primigravida: successful outcome.

Pyruvate kinase deficiency (PKD) is a rare non-spherocytic type of haemolytic anaemia. During pregnancy, women with severe PKD are at increased risk of infection, thrombosis, hypertension, fetal growth restriction and anaemia. Management of such cases requires close collaboration between a haematologist and an obstetrician.

A synopsis of 30 years of major accomplishments by the Pennsylvania Department of Health in Environmental Health (Part 2 of 2): the 1990s and the 21st century.

This article reviews significant environmental health projects conducted by the Pennsylvania Department of Health, particularly the Division of Environmental Health, during the 1990s and the following decade. The authors describe lessons learned from a new occupational health initiative, continuing work on the health assessment grant funded by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, and a new Environmental Public Health Tracking grant funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, in addition to emerging issues during these two decades.

A synopsis of 30 years of major accomplishments by the Pennsylvania Department of Health in Environmental Health (Part 1 of 2): the 1980s.

This article reviews significant environmental health projects conducted by the Pennsylvania Department of Health, particularly the Division of Environmental Health, during the 1980s. The authors describe lessons learned from dealing with health concerns related to the Vietnam War, Three Mile Island, hazardous waste sites, and radon, as well as emerging issues during that decade.

ErbB receptors, their ligands, and the consequences of their activation and inhibition in the myocardium.

The epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (or ErbB1) and the related ErbB4 are transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinases which bind extracellular ligands of the EGF family. ErbB2 and ErbB3 are "co-receptors" structurally related to ErbB1/ErbB4, but ErbB2 is an "orphan" receptor and ErbB3 lacks tyrosine kinase activity. However, both are important in transmembrane signalling.