Publications by authors named "K Shirai"
Background: Taiso is a Japanese term encompassing meanings akin to calisthenics. Taiso is a widely used exercise program in Japan but whether it prevents functional disability and dementia remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the association between practicing Taiso, especially focusing on the well-known Radio-Taiso, and functional disability and dementia in older adults in Japan.
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- This study explores blood biomarkers that can predict responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for patients with recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, addressing challenges like tumor sample variability.
- Researchers enrolled 100 patients and analyzed blood immune profiles, focusing on factors like tumor mutational burden (TMB) and PD-L1 scores, with a goal to find associations with treatment outcomes.
- Key findings revealed that high levels of neutrophils and monocytes were linked to worse survival, while higher CD4T cells correlated with better outcomes, highlighting the potential of using blood tests for predicting ICI treatment responses.
Article Synopsis
- * A 2022 survey of 3,000 participants showed acceptance rates of 22.6% (top-down), 37.6% (opinion-aggregative), and 56.9% (opinion-reflective), indicating that more participatory approaches led to higher acceptance.
- * Key factors influencing acceptance included interest in final disposal, perceived social benefits, and negative associations with age and intergenerational expectations, underscoring the importance of procedural fairness in such decisions.
Background: Overcoming immune suppression is a major barrier to eliciting potent CD8 T cell responses against cancer. Treatment with anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody is an effective means for eliminating CD4Foxp3 regulatory (Treg) cells in preclinical models and has also demonstrated efficacy in early clinical trials. However, the underlying basis for treatment efficacy, more specifically the implications of codepleting other CD4-expressing cell compartments in tumor-bearing hosts, is not well understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground/aim: In prostate cancer, robotic total prostatectomy is a popular treatment modality. However, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) recurrence after prostate cancer surgery remains a concern. Salvage radiotherapy is commonly used to treat PSA recurrence, but the recurrence rate after salvage radiotherapy is high, highlighting the need for better predictive markers.
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