Evaluation of Antibiotic Use for Dental-Related Infections in Dental Clinics Associated With an Academic Safety Net Institution.

This retrospective study found lower antibiotic prescribing rates by outpatient dentists than previous literature, but with deviations from guideline recommendations in antibiotic indications and durations of treatment for oral pain and swelling. These findings will guide future stewardship interventions to promote guideline-directed therapy plans.

Extended-Infusion β-Lactam Therapy, Mortality, and Subsequent Antibiotic Resistance Among Hospitalized Adults With Gram-Negative Bloodstream Infections.

Importance: Current evidence is conflicting for associations of extended-infusion β-lactam (EI-BL) therapy with clinical outcomes.

Objective: To investigate the association of EI-BL therapy with survival, adverse events, and emergence of antibiotic resistance in adults with gram-negative bloodstream infections (GN-BSI).

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study of consecutive adults with GN-BSI admitted to 24 United States hospitals between January 1, 2019, and December 31, 2019, receiving EI-BL were compared with adults with GN-BSI receiving the same agents as intermittent infusion β-lactam (II-BL; ≤1-hour infusions).

Transition to Oral Antibiotic Therapy for Hospitalized Adults With Gram-Negative Bloodstream Infections.

Importance: Management of gram-negative bloodstream infections (GN-BSIs) with oral antibiotics is highly variable.

Objective: To examine the transition from intravenous (IV) to oral antibiotics, including selection, timing, and associated clinical and microbial characteristics, among hospitalized patients with GN-BSIs.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A retrospective cohort study was conducted of 4581 hospitalized adults with GN-BSIs at 24 US hospitals between January 1 and December 31, 2019.

Long-term impact of fluoroquinolone-sparing strategies for empirical treatment of acute uncomplicated cystitis among ambulatory patients.

Background: Acute uncomplicated cystitis is common among outpatients and frequently leads to antibiotic prescriptions, making urinary tract infections (UTIs) an important area for antimicrobial stewardship initiatives. Infectious Disease Society of America (IDSA) guidelines promote alternative agents in place of fluoroquinolones for acute uncomplicated cystitis. Despite IDSA guidance, adherence to the guideline remains low in the United States (US).

Multiple-Dose Dalbavancin Regimens as the Predominant Treatment of Deep-Seated or Endovascular Infections: A Scoping Review.

Off-label use of dalbavancin for deep-seated and endovascular infections has been increasing. We performed a scoping review to evaluate the evidence for use of multiple-dose dalbavancin regimens as the predominant therapy for these indications. Predominant therapy was defined as use of dalbavancin without other concurrent antibiotics for more than half of the total treatment duration.