Combined strategies for tumor immunotherapy with nanoparticles.

A brief review of tumor immunotherapies shows significant advancements in academic research and preclinical studies. Analysis of different immune cell pathways, including macrophage activation, natural killer cells, and dendritic cell presentation show promising clinical results when targeted with different nanoparticle polymer and gold materials. Following a brief discussion on immuno-oncology successes, detailed results are discussed in macrophage activation, dendritic cell presentation, and lysis of tumor cells with natural killer cells.

BL-1020: a novel antipsychotic drug with GABAergic activity and low catalepsy, is efficacious in a rat model of schizophrenia.

Unlabelled: Reduced brain gamma-amino-butyric acid (GABA) participates in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. GABA scarcely penetrates the brain. We evaluated the pharmacological properties of BL-1020, a novel GABA ester of perphenazine.

Knowing too much: using private knowledge to predict how one is viewed by others.

People have more information about themselves than others do, and this fundamental asymmetry can help to explain why individuals have difficulty accurately intuiting how they appear to other people. Determining how one appears to observers requires one to utilize public information that is available to observers, but to disregard private information that they do not possess. We report a series of experiments, however, showing that people utilize privately known information about their own past performance (Experiments 1 and 2), the performance of other people (Experiment 3), and imaginary performance (Experiment 4) when intuiting how they are viewed by others.

A mutual prodrug ester of GABA and perphenazine exhibits antischizophrenic efficacy with diminished extrapyramidal effects.

The perphenazine and fluphenazine GABA esters 3 and 4 evaluated in rat models for antipsychotic activity displayed a significant decrease of catalepsy associated with increased prolactin blood levels. Efficacy was evaluated in the d-amphetamine-induced hyperactivity model, where perphenazine abolished hyperactivity and induced sedation and catalepsy, whereas 3 reduced hyperactivity without sedation or catalepsy. Thus, 3 (BL-1020) constitutes a prototype of novel antipsychotics possessing GABAergic activity.

hCHL2, a novel chordin-related gene, displays differential expression and complex alternative splicing in human tissues and during myoblast and osteoblast maturation.

Chordin-like cysteine-rich repeats (CRs) are conserved domains present in an expanding family of secreted proteins that associate with members of the TGF beta superfamily. In this study, we report the molecular cloning and characterization of CHL2 (chordin-like 2), a novel protein closely related to CHL (chordin-like). Both are members of the chordin family of proteins, and contain a signal peptide and three CR domains.