Discriminant Validity of the Standardized On-Road Assessment for Drivers (SOAD) Among Stroke Patients in Japan.

Introduction: On-road tests are considered the gold standard for evaluating real-world driving skills. However, their reliability and validity remain inadequately established, particularly under varying legal and road conditions across countries.

Aim: This study investigates the discriminant validity of the closed-course version of the Standardized On-Road Assessment for Drivers (SOAD) in Japan.

Development of Artificial Intelligence for Determining Major Depressive Disorder Based on Resting-State EEG and Single-Pulse Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation-Evoked EEG Indices.

Depression is the disorder with the greatest socioeconomic burdens. Its diagnosis is still based on an operational diagnosis derived from symptoms, and no objective diagnostic indicators exist. Thus, the present study aimed to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) model to aid in the diagnosis of depression from electroencephalography (EEG) data by applying machine learning to resting-state EEG and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)-evoked EEG acquired from patients with depression and healthy controls.

Megahertz detection of spectroscopic polarization by a time-encoded supercontinuum vector beam.

We demonstrated a 40-MHz detection of spectroscopic polarization by a supercontinuum vector beam with a wavelength-dependent polarization state. To achieve the high-repetition-rate measurement, we detected the rotation angle of polarization and the spectrum by measuring the temporal waveform using a photodetector after expanding the pulse duration of the supercontinuum vector beam. The spectrum of the supercontinuum vector beam was measured using a spectrometer.

Sub-nanometer scale depth patterning on sapphire crystal by femtosecond soft x-ray laser pulse irradiation.

Damage thresholds and structures on a metal aluminum and an aluminum oxide crystal induced by the soft x-ray free electron laser irradiations were evaluated. Distinctive differences in damage thresholds and structures were observed for these materials. On the aluminum oxide crystal surface, in particular, a novel, to the best of our knowledge, surface processing, which we suggest defining as "peeling," was recognized.