Consumption of sucralose- and acesulfame-potassium-containing diet soda alters the relative abundance of microbial taxa at the species level: findings of two pilot studies.

Sucralose and acesulfame-potassium consumption alters gut microbiota in rodents, with unclear effects in humans. We examined effects of three-times daily sucralose- and acesulfame-potassium-containing diet soda consumption for 1 ( = 17) or 8 ( = 8) weeks on gut microbiota composition in young adults. After 8 weeks of diet soda consumption, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, specifically , increased; and, increased abundance of two Proteobacteria taxa was also observed after 1 week of diet soda consumption compared with sparkling water.

p53 alters intracellular Ca signaling through regulation of TRPM4.

Altered expression of transient receptor potential channel melastatin 4 (TRPM4) contributes to several diseases, including cardiac conduction disorders, immune diseases, and cancer. Yet the underlying mechanisms of TRPM4 expression changes remain elusive. In this study, we report that loss of tumor suppressor protein p53 or p63γ function or mutation of a putative p53 response element in the TRPM4 promoter region increase TRPM4 promoter activity in the colorectal cancer cell line HCT 116.

Non-Nutritive Sweeteners in Human Amniotic Fluid and Cord Blood: Evidence of Transplacental Fetal Exposure.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate human fetal exposure to non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) by analyzing amniotic fluid and umbilical cord blood.

Study Design: Concentrations of four NNS (acesulfame-potassium [ace-K], saccharin, steviol glucuronide, and sucralose) were measured in amniotic fluid ( = 13) and cord blood samples ( = 15) using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Amniotic fluid samples were obtained for research purposes at the time of term elective cesarean birth or clinically indicated third trimester amnioreduction at Mercy Hospital for Women (Melbourne, Australia).

How to Obtain a Mega-Intestine with Normal Morphology: In Silico Modelling of Postnatal Intestinal Growth in a Cd97-Transgenic Mouse.

Intestinal cylindrical growth peaks in mice a few weeks after birth, simultaneously with crypt fission activity. It nearly stops after weaning and cannot be reactivated later. Transgenic mice expressing / in the intestinal epithelium develop a mega-intestine with normal microscopic morphology in adult mice.

Apolipoprotein CIII and Angiopoietin-like Protein 8 are Elevated in Lipodystrophy and Decrease after Metreleptin.

Context: Lipodystrophy syndromes cause hypertriglyceridemia that improves with leptin treatment using metreleptin. Mechanisms causing hypertriglyceridemia and improvements after metreleptin are incompletely understood.

Objective: Determine relationship of circulating lipoprotein lipase (LPL) modulators with hypertriglyceridemia in healthy controls and in patients with lipodystrophy before and after metreleptin.