Introduction During the COVID-19 pandemic, the AO Foundation, an orthopedic education organization, had to transition its live education programs to an online format. Skills that were previously evaluated and corrected in person by educators were now assessed through online lectures and discussion groups. Our goal was to evaluate an online course designed to teach the skill of "leg length and coronal deformity measurement" and to assess participants' ability to demonstrate this skill using online software.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground and objectives: Alignment of the lower extremity is important when treating congenital deformities, fractures, and joint replacement. During the COVID-19 pandemic, AO North America offered an online course on deformity measurement and planning. The Bonesetter app is a deformity planning tool that is freely available online.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe colorectal cancer (CRC)-associated microbiota creates a pro-tumorigenic intestinal milieu and shapes immune responses within the tumor microenvironment. However, how oncomicrobes - like , found in the oral cavity and associated with CRC tissues affect these distinct aspects of tumorigenesis is difficult to parse. Herein, we found that neonatal inoculation of mice with strain Fn7-1 circumvents technical barriers preventing its intestinal colonization, drives colonic expression prior to tumor formation, and potentiates intestinal tumorigenesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Group O erythrocytes and/or whole blood are used for urgent transfusions in patients of unknown blood type. This study investigated the impact of transfusing increasing numbers of uncrossmatched type O products on the recipient's first in-hospital ABO type.
Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study.