Localisation requires trust: an interface perspective on the Rohingya response in Bangladesh.

Local actors are promoted as important agents in the humanitarian sector's latest reform efforts. Opinions on the exact meaning and the best means of implementing localisation differ, however. Applying an interface perspective, this paper analyses how the Rohingya response in Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh, became an arena of contestation, competition, and sometimes convergence among different actors in relation to localisation.

Proteoglycan synthesis rate as a novel method to measure blood-induced cartilage degeneration in non-haemophilic and haemophilic rats.

Introduction: Haemophilic animal models are used to study blood-induced cartilage damage, but quantitative and sensitive outcome measures are needed.

Aim: To develop a novel quantitative method for detecting early cartilage degeneration in a haemophilic rat model of blood-induced joint damage.

Methods: The Sulphate incorporation ( SO assay) was applied to tibial and patellar cartilage of wild-type rats to quantify baseline proteoglycan synthesis and to evaluate the effect of 4-day blood exposure in vitro.

Rapid inflammation and early degeneration of bone and cartilage revealed in a time-course study of induced haemarthrosis in haemophilic rats.

Objectives: Detailed knowledge of the sequential cell and tissue responses following haemarthrosis is important for a deep understanding of the pathological process initiated upon extensive bleeding into the joint causing haemophilic arthropathy (HA). The underlying pathobiology driving haemarthrosis towards HA has been difficult to establish in detail, although animal models have shed light on some processes. Previous studies have focused on a single or a few distant time points and often only characterizing one tissue type of the joint.

Serological biomarkers detect active joint destruction and inflammation in patients with haemophilic arthropathy.

Introduction: Progressive arthropathy caused by recurrent joint bleeds is a severe complication in haemophilia.

Aim: We investigated whether biomarkers of cartilage and bone degradation, and inflammation were altered in haemophilia patients and whether these biomarkers could identify haemophilia patients with arthropathy.

Methods: Serum from 35 haemophilia patients with varying degrees of arthropathy and 43 age- and gender-matched control subjects were analysed.