A Multicomponent Behavior Change and Implementation Strategy to Increase Lung Cancer Screening in Primary Care Practices: The IBREATHE Study.

Objectives: Despite broader eligibility under the 2021 US Preventive Services Task Force guidelines, national lung cancer screening (LCS) uptake remains at around 16%. This radiologist-led study sought to identify LCS barriers in primary care settings and develop a theory-based behavior change and implementation strategy to improve screening rates in these settings.

Methods: A multiphase approach was used, including qualitative methods and frameworks (ie, Behavior Change Wheel; Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation of Behavior model; Theoretical Domains Framework; and Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change glossary) to understand and address LCS barriers.

Hydrogen Activation on Zeolite Stabilized Ni-Mo Sulfide Clusters.

The activation of H on NaY-encapsulated Mo sulfide clusters is significantly influenced by the presence of Ni at ion exchange positions. Ni was incorporated by partially ion exchanging the NaY zeolite with Ni cations. Mo(CO) vapors were subsequently deposited on the ion exchanged NiNaY zeolites followed by sulfidation in 10 vol % HS/H at 673 K, leading to the formation of dimeric MoS clusters connected to Ni via bridging S atoms.

TGT Damages its Substrate tRNAs by the Formation of Abasic Sites in the Anticodon Loop.

RNA modification is a well-recognized way for gene expression regulation in a living cell. Natural enzymatic RNA modifications have been characterized for decades. Recently, additional mechanisms, more related to RNA damage, have emerged, which do not involve targeted enzymatic activity but nonetheless alter the chemical structure of nucleosides.

Exploring atom-pairwise and many-body dispersion corrections for the BEEF-vdW functional.

The Bayesian error estimation functional (BEEF-vdW) is widely used in surface science and catalysis, because it provides a balanced description of molecular, surface, and solid state systems, along with reliable error estimates. However, the nonlocal van-der-Waals density functional (vdW-DF2) employed in BEEF-vdW can be computationally costly and displays relatively low accuracy for molecular systems. Therefore, this work explores whether atom-pairwise and many-body dispersion treatments represent viable alternatives to using the vdW-DF2 functional with BEEF-vdW.

RNA-modification by Base Exchange: Structure, Function and Application of tRNA-guanine Transglycosylases.

tRNA-guanine transglycosylases (TGT) occur in all domains of life. They are unique among RNA-modifying enzymes as they exchange a guanine base in the primary RNA transcript by various 7-substituted 7-deazaguanines leading to the modified nucleosides queuosine and archaeosine. Archaeosine is found in the D-loop of archaeal tRNAs, queuosine in the anticodon of bacterial and eukaryotic tRNAs specific for Asp, Asn, His and Tyr.