Adjuvants to the S1-subunit of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein vaccine improve antibody and T cell responses and surrogate neutralization in mice.

Various public health measures have contained outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2, but concerns remain over the possibility of future surges. Improvements in broadening the vaccine response can stifle new and nascent infections. In this study, we tested the effects of different adjuvant combinations on the immunization of mice with the receptor-binding domain (RBD)-containing the S1-subunit of the spike protein (S1 protein) from SARS-CoV-2 to induce a robust humoral and cellular immune response.

Regulation by the RNA-binding protein Unkempt at its effector interface.

How RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) convey regulatory instructions to the core effectors of RNA processing is unclear. Here, we document the existence and functions of a multivalent RBP-effector interface. We show that the effector interface of a conserved RBP with an essential role in metazoan development, Unkempt, is mediated by a novel type of 'dual-purpose' peptide motifs that can contact two different surfaces of interacting proteins.

A paradigm for regulation at the effector interface with RNA-binding proteins.

RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are key regulators of gene expression, but how RBPs convey regulatory instructions to the core effectors of RNA processing is unclear. Here we document the existence and functions of a multivalent RBP-effector interface. We show that the effector interface of a deeply conserved RBP with an essential role in metazoan development, Unkempt, is mediated by a novel type of 'dual-purpose' peptide motifs that can contact two different surfaces of interacting proteins.

An LCM-based genomic analysis of SPEM, Gastric Cancer and Pyloric Gland Adenoma in an Asian cohort.

Spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia (SPEM) and pyloric gland adenoma (PGA) in the stomach are metaplastic and neoplastic lesions, respectively, in which gastric body glands are replaced by pyloric glands. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genomic profile of SPEM and compare it with intestinal-type gastric cancer (GC) and PGA. Thirteen gastrectomies showing PGA with or without dysplasia, GC and SPEM were retrospectively selected.

Oxidative Stress and Immune Responses During Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Tupaia belangeri.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a leading cause of chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. To address the molecular basis of HCV pathogenesis using tupaias (Tupaia belangeri), we characterized host responses upon HCV infection. Adult tupaias were infected with HCV genotypes 1a, 1b, 2a, or 4a.