ACE inhibitor or angiotensin II receptor blocker use is a risk factor for contrast-induced nephropathy.

Background: The aim of the present study was to assess the influence of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) or angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) use on the incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients undergoing coronary angiography.

Methods: A retrospective case control study was conducted on a total of 201 patients divided into 2 groups (CIN group and control group). CIN was defined as an increase in serum creatinine by more than 25% from baseline within 48 hours of radiocontrast exposure.

Evaluating proteinuria and nephrotic syndrome in patients with venous thromboembolism.

Introduction: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a well-known complication of nephrotic syndrome (NS). Proteinuria, a marker of chronic kidney disease, discovered at the time of VTE, may be the first presentation in patients with occult chronic kidney disease and/or NS.

Methods: Electronic medical records at a community teaching hospital were retrospectively reviewed to measure the percentage of patients with acute VTE who had a urinalysis (UA) and/or an evaluation of 24-hour urine protein collection or urine protein to creatinine ratio.

Familial collapsing focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.

The majority of patients with non-HIV-related collapsing focal segmental glomerular sclerosis (FSGS) have idiopathic disease. Only a few genetic forms associated with rare syndromes have been described in families. Here we report two families with multiple members who have collapsing FSGS with no clear associated secondary etiology.

Secondary prevention in concurrent coronary artery, cerebrovascular, and chronic kidney disease: focus on pharmacological therapy.

Patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) commonly have varying degrees of coexisting cerebrovascular disease (CVD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), and proper management is complicated partly because of a lack of unifying guidelines. The aim of this article is to review the current literature and propose the optimal treatment regimen in patients with all three disease states. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-I) should be universally administered.