Nonlinear optical responses of self-assembled monolayers functionalized with indolino-oxazolidine photoswitches.

A computational approach combining molecular dynamic simulations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations is implemented to evaluate the second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) responses of photoresponsive self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) based on indolino-oxazolidine molecular switches. These numerical simulations provide a complete atomistic picture of the morphology of the SAMs, revealing a high degree of positional disorder and an almost isotropic orientation of the chromophores. Subsequent DFT calculations, carried out to evaluate the average first hyperpolarizability of indolino-oxazolidine switches within the SAM, predict that the structural disorder does not significantly reduce the NLO contrast compared to that of the isolated molecules.

Implementation of a new clinical practice guideline regarding pain management during childhood vaccine injections.

Objective: To determine the impact of a multifaceted knowledge translation strategy for a new vaccination pain management guideline on public health immunizers' attitudes, beliefs and use of pain-relieving strategies during childhood vaccination.

Method: Using a randomized controlled pre-post study design, public health nurses (PHNs) at intervention sites received a multifaceted knowledge translation intervention about new pain management guidelines incorporated in the British Columbia Immunization Program Manual, including education, supplies and online support. Attitudes and beliefs of PHNs toward immunization pain and pain management, and use of pain-relieving strategies were compared for the intervention sites between the pre- and postimplementation phases.

Who knows more about immunization?: Survey of public health nurses and physicians.

Objective: To report the findings of a knowledge survey of nurse and physician immunization providers.

Design: Cross-sectional postal survey assessing demographic characteristics and vaccine knowledge.

Setting: British Columbia (BC).

Establishing physician advocates for human papillomavirus vaccination in British Columbia.

Objective: To survey general practitioners in oncology (GPOs) in British Columbia (BC) to identify opportunities for them to serve as public supporters of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination.

Design: A mailed or online survey.

Setting: British Columbia.

Method of administration affects adolescent post-immunization survey response rate: phone, paper, internet.

The recent introduction of new vaccines into the school-based immunization program in British Columbia (BC) included monitoring of adverse events following immunization (AEFI) for these new vaccines. This commentary discusses different methods used to collect AEFIs in school immunization campaigns and the effects on response rate. The results of a study using an internet-based tool inspired this paper.