Parent and child ratings of satisfaction with speech and facial appearance in Flemish pre-pubescent boys and girls with unilateral cleft lip and palate.

The purpose of this controlled study is to determine satisfaction with speech and facial appearance in Flemish pre-pubescent children with unilateral cleft lip and palate. Forty-three subjects with unilateral cleft lip and palate and 43 age and gender matched controls participated in this study. The Cleft Evaluation Profile was used to assess the perceived satisfaction for individual features related to cleft care.

Multiple dimensions of cardiopulmonary dyspnea.

Background: The current theory of dyspnea perception presumes a multidimensional conception of dyspnea. However, its validity in patients with cardiopulmonary dyspnea has not been investigated.

Methods: A respiratory symptom checklist incorporating spontaneously reported descriptors of sensory experiences of breathing discomfort, affective aspects, and behavioral items was administered to 396 patients with asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), diffuse parenchymal lung disease, pulmonary vascular disease, chronic heart failure, and medically unexplained dyspnea.

Breathlessness rating type influences respiratory behavior during hypercapnia in the rebreathing test.

Objective: The online rating of perceived breathlessness in a rebreathing test (RT) is a new and powerful technique to analyze the psychological and physiological process related to the mechanisms of breathlessness. The aim of the present study was to assess the influence of rating type on respiratory sensation and behavior during repeated hypercapnic exposures.

Methods: Sixty-one healthy women performed three rebreathing trials.

The language of medically unexplained dyspnea.

Background: Medically unexplained dyspnea (MUD) refers to a condition characterized by a sensation of dyspnea and is typically applied to patients presenting with anxiety and hyperventilation without cardiopulmonary explanations for their dyspnea. The diagnosis is difficult. We investigated whether descriptors of dyspnea and associated symptoms of MUD are differentially diagnostic.

Fearful imagery induces hyperventilation and dyspnea in medically unexplained dyspnea.

Background: Medically unexplained dyspnea refers to a condition characterized by a sensation of dyspnea and is typically applied to patients presenting with anxiety and hyperventilation without underlying cardiopulmonary pathology. We were interested to know how anxiety triggers hyperventilation and elicits subjective symptoms in those patients. Using an imagery paradigm, we investigated the role of fearful imagery in provoking hyperventilation and in eliciting symptoms, specifically dyspnea.