Environmental exposure and cancer occurrence in dogs: a critical appraisal of evidence.

Cancer is a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality in humans and is also the leading cause of death in dogs. It is estimated that up to 20 % of human cancers can be explained by environmental exposures to carcinogens. It has been hypothesized that companion animals such as dogs could not only be a model for the complex pathogenic processes of human cancers, but also act as sentinels for environmental carcinogens due to their relative shorter longevity, spontaneous occurrence of tumours, and intimate relationship with our everyday environments.

Phase concept: Novel dynamic endoscopic assessment of intramural antireflux mechanisms (with video).

Objectives: The gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) consists of various anatomical components that together form a barrier to prevent reflux of gastric content. This study introduces a novel phase concept to dynamically evaluate the antireflux barrier (ARB) during endoscopy and analyzes its functionality.

Methods: We reviewed previously the recorded endoscopic videos of subjects who underwent the endoscopic pressure study integrated system (EPSIS) from February to April 2024 for indications other than gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms.

Closure in antireflux mucoplasty using anchor prong clips: dead space-eliminating technique.

Video 1Introducing the dead space eliminating technique (DET), a closure method using anchor pronged clips for antireflux mucoplasty in treating proton pump inhibitor refractory-dependent GERD. DET ensures comprehensive dead space elimination during closure.

Advancements in minimally invasive endoscopic treatment: Navigating deeper layers for upper gastrointestinal lesion.

The field of minimally invasive endoscopic treatment has seen a continual progression, marked by significant advancements in treatment devices and the refinement of endoscopic techniques. While endoscopic resection has become the standard for treating superficial gastrointestinal neoplasms, a proactive approach becomes imperative when dealing with lesions that extend beyond the submucosal layer and deeper into the muscularis propria. The ongoing evolution of endoscopic closure techniques has facilitated the introduction of advanced procedures such as endoscopic muscularis dissection, endoscopic subserosal dissection, and endoscopic full-thickness resection.