Publications by authors named "K Ohtsubo"
Background/aim: We previously reported the usefulness of detecting aberrant methylation in tumor suppressive microRNAs (miRNAs) in bile and plasma to discriminate pancreaticobiliary cancers from benign pancreaticobiliary diseases. This study analyzed the methylation of miRNAs in pancreatic juice to identify those specific to pancreatic cancer (PC).
Patients And Methods: Pancreatic juice was collected from 20 patients with PC, including eight with intraductal papillary mucinous carcinoma (IPMC), two with low grade-pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (LG-PanIN), 32 with LG-intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN), and seven with benign pancreatic lesions.
Background: While advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are primarily treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), acquired resistance from specific mutations in KIT or PDGFRA frequently occurs. We aimed to assess the utility of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) as a modality of therapeutic decision-making in advanced GIST.
Methods: We conducted a pooled analysis of SCRUM-Japan studies for advanced GIST patients.
Article Synopsis
- A glioblastoma patient with high tumor mutation burden and mismatch repair deficiency showed a strong positive response to pembrolizumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor, despite previous treatment with temozolomide which usually leads to resistance.
- Despite rapid disease progression, indicated by high Ki67 levels, the patient's condition improved significantly with pembrolizumab.
- This case highlights the potential of precision oncology in treating GBM and emphasizes the need for thorough genomic profiling to inform treatment strategies.
Precision medicine has drastically changed cancer treatment strategies including KRAS-mutant cancers which have been undruggable for decades. While intrinsic or acquired treatment resistance remains unresolved in many cases, epigenome-targeted therapy may be an option to overcome. We recently discovered the effectiveness of blocking small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) signaling cascade (SUMOylation) in MYC-expressing KRAS-mutant cancer cells using a SUMO-activating enzyme E inhibitor TAK-981 that results in SUMOylation inhibition.
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- - Comprehensive genomic profiling using circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has potential in capturing tumor diversity and improving therapy choices, but it's not fully utilized in clinical settings, especially for advanced solid tumors.
- - The GOZILA study found that ctDNA profiling led to a 24% match rate for targeted therapies, significantly improving patient outcomes, with those receiving matched treatments experiencing better overall survival rates compared to those who were unmatched.
- - Key ctDNA characteristics, like biomarker clonality and plasma copy number, serve as indicators of treatment effectiveness, suggesting that ctDNA can enhance precision in oncology and should be more widely used to optimize patient survival in advanced solid tumors.