Soluble HLA class I is released from human β-cells following exposure to interferons.

HLA class I (HLA-I) molecules present intracellular antigenic peptides to CD8+ T lymphocytes during immune surveillance. In donors with type 1 diabetes, hyperexpression of HLA-I occurs in islets with residual insulin-producing β-cells as a hallmark of the disease. HLA-I hyperexpression is frequently detected beyond the islet boundary, forming a 'halo'.

Approaches for Embedding Structural Competency and Social Determinants of Health in Pharmacy Curricula.

There is emerging scholarship related to teaching social determinants of health (SDOH) in pharmacy education; however, challenges remain as there is no formal consensus on which aspects of SDOH to teach or evaluate. SDOH may often be confounded by other similar and often overlapping terminology, such as cultural competence, cultural humility, and Diversity, Equity and Inclusion; however, there are key differences. All domains of SDOH are relevant to patient health outcomes, but it may be challenging for educators to determine which competencies are most essential for pharmacy students to learn, and to understand which are most applicable to direct patient care in pharmacy practice.

Enhancing Progestin Therapy with a Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Agonist for the Conservative Management of Endometrial Cancer.

Objective: Obesity is a major risk factor for endometrial cancer. In addition to hormone therapy with progestins, glucagon like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists such as semaglutide may be helpful to achieve weight loss during conservative treatment of endometrial hyperplasia or cancer.

Methods: We theorized that the combination of semaglutide and the progestin levonorgestrel would be useful as a novel treatment or prevention regimen and tested this hypothesis using endometrial cancer cell lines and patient-derived organoids (PDOs).