Effect of pre-farrowing hygiene routine (sub-standard vs. optimal) and creep feeding regime (dry pelleted starter diet vs. liquid mixture of milk replacer and starter diet) on post-weaning intestinal parameters and growth to slaughter in pigs.

The objective was to evaluate the effect of providing dry pelleted starter diet (DPS) or a liquid mixture of milk replacer and starter diet (LMR+S) to suckling pigs housed in farrowing pens of sub-standard or optimal hygiene conditions on pig growth to slaughter, and post-weaning (PW) intestinal parameters. On day (d) 107 of gestation, 87 sows were randomly allocated to one of four treatments in a 2×2 factorial arrangement. The factors were creep feeding (DPS or LMR+S) and pre-farrowing hygiene routine (SUB-STANDARD or OPTIMAL).

Time to surgery for acute uncomplicated appendicitis in an adult university teaching hospital.

Aims: Both patient and hospital-related factors determine the timing of appendicectomy for acute uncomplicated appendicitis. Recent literature suggests appendicectomy more than 24 h after hospital admission is associated with increased morbidity in adults. Current guidelines from the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES) recommend surgery within this timeframe to reduce the risk of complications.

Effect of supplemental milk replacer and liquid starter diet for 4 and 11 days postweaning on intestinal parameters of weaned piglets and growth to slaughter.

Reduced piglet feed intake immediately postweaning (pw) leads to disruption of small intestine structure and function and reduced growth. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of providing supplemental milk or liquid starter diet for either 4 or 11 days pw, on intestinal parameters of newly weaned piglets and growth to slaughter. At weaning (28 ± 0.

Disease-Modifying Treatments for Multiple Sclerosis Affect Measures of Cellular Immune Responses to EBNA-1 Peptides.

Background And Objectives: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). Despite this, there are no routinely used tests to measure cellular response to EBV. In this study, we analyzed the cellular response to EBV nuclear antigen-1 (EBNA-1) in people with MS (pwMS) using a whole blood assay.