[Mechanisms influencing implantation of the embryo--the last-years' news].

Objective: To summarize recent knowledge concerning mechanisms which influence the implantation of embryo.

Design: Literature-based overview.

Setting: Institute for the Care of Mother and Child, Prague.

[Immunologically conditioned fertility disorders in men--experience of the immunobiological department of the Institute for Maternal and Child Care].

Objective: To provide an overview of the results obtained from the more than ten-year systematic monitoring of the contribution of immunopathological mechanisms to the ethiopathogenesis of fertility disorders in men.

Design: A summarising retrospective study.

Setting: Mother and Child Care Institute, Prague.

[Role of sperm antibodies and cellular autoimmunity to sperm in the pathogenesis of male infertility].

Objective: To test the hypothesis of relationship between sperm pathology and elevated humoral and/or cell-mediated antisperm autoimmunity in male partners from infertile couples.

Design: Analytic study.

Setting: Department of Immunobiology, Institute for the Care of Mother and Child, Prague.

Thrombin and trypsin receptors: the same mechanism of signalling on cellular surfaces.

Proteinase-activated receptors (PARs), ubiquitous surface molecules participating on many biological processes have been recently discovered. Specific receptors for thrombin (PAR-1 and PAR-3) and trypsin (PAR-2) are described in this review. They belong to a family of G protein-coupled receptors activated by amino acid sequence of N-terminal part of bound ligand revealed by site-specific proteolysis.