Biomarkers.

Background: Studies suggest that approximately 60 to 70 percent of the variability observed in cognitive abilities during aging can be attributed to genetic factors. Therefore, investigating the longitudinal multiomics changes associated with alterations in cognitive measures, such as the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score, is of utmost importance.

Method: Longitudinal changes in gene and protein expression related to MMSE scores were examined in the Cameron County Hispanic Cohort (CCHC), an extensively phenotyped, randomly-recruited, cohort of Mexican Americans residing at the US-Mexico border.

Generation Victoria (GenV): protocol for a longitudinal birth cohort of Victorian children and their parents.

Background: In a world confronted with new and connected challenges, novel strategies are needed to help children and adults achieve their full potential, to predict, prevent and treat disease, and to achieve equity in services and outcomes. Australia's Generation Victoria (GenV) cohorts are designed for multi-pronged discovery (what could improve outcomes?) and intervention research (what actually works, how much and for whom?). Here, we describe the key features of its protocol.

Maternal and infant predictors of human milk macronutrient and energy concentrations in rural Bangladesh: an observational cohort study.

Background: Human milk macronutrient (protein, fat, and carbohydrate) and energy concentrations vary based on maternal and infant factors and time postpartum.

Objective: To determine the change in milk macronutrient and energy concentrations from approximately 2 to 5 months postpartum and identify factors associated with this variation among a lactation cohort in Bangladesh.

Methods: In this prospective observational lactation cohort in rural Sylhet, Bangladesh, we collected hand-expressed mid-feed human milk samples and analyzed macronutrient concentrations using mid-infrared spectroscopy.

Impact of maternal antenatal nutrition and infection treatment interventions on Longitudinal Infant Development and Growth in rural Ethiopia: protocol of the LIDG child follow-up study.

Introduction: Maternal undernutrition and inflammation in utero may significantly impact the neurodevelopmental potential of offspring. However, few studies have investigated the effects of pregnancy interventions on long-term child growth and development. This study will examine the effects of prenatal nutrition and infection management interventions on long-term growth and neurodevelopmental outcomes of offspring.

Multiancestry Genome-Wide Association Study of Early Childhood Caries.

Early childhood caries (ECC) is the most common noncommunicable childhood disease-an important health problem with known environmental and social/behavioral influences lacking consensus genetic risk loci. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a genome-wide association study of ECC in a multiancestry population of U.S.