How do Early-career Biology Faculty Develop Pedagogical Content Knowledge? Exploring Variation and Longitudinal Development.

Active-learning instructors are more effective when they use pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) to anticipate, interpret, and respond to student thinking. PCK is topic-specific and includes knowledge of student thinking (e.g.

Quantifying capacity of otolaryngology-head and neck surgery in Zimbabwe.

Objectives: To evaluate the otolaryngology surgical capacity in Harare, Zimbabwe by analyzing procedural volumes across four hospitals, one private and three public, from 2019 to 2022.

Methods: A retrospective review of hand-written surgical case logs was conducted at Harare Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Institute (HEENT), Parirenyatwa Group of Hospitals (PGH), Sally Mugabe Children's Hospital (SMCH), and Sally Mugabe Adult's Hospital (SMAH). Patient age and surgical intervention for all otolaryngology surgeries performed in the operating room from 2019 to 2022 were recorded.

Drusen Regression after Macula-involving Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Repair.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of macula-involving rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair on drusen regression.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed of patients with drusen who underwent macula-involving RRD repair. Longitudinal optical coherence tomography scans were reviewed by three graders, and each case was grouped into one of three categories: drusen regression, drusen persistence, or mixed.

Guidelines for Diagnosis of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss and Their Specificity.

Objectives: A recent paper by Moore, Lowe and Cox has proposed guidelines for diagnosing noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). It is referred to here as the MLC guidelines. Our aim was to assess the specificity of those guidelines (i.

Novel ganglion cell marker B3GNT6: A step forward in Hirschsprung's disease diagnosis.

Hirschsprung's (HSCR) disease, also known as aganglionic megacolon, or congenital intestinal aganglionosis affects roughly 1 out of every 5000 newborns. It is a birth defect characterized by the partial or complete loss of ganglion cells in the myenteric and submucosal plexus of the distal intestine which leads to ineffective peristalsis, constipation, and obstruction. Clinical assessment and radiological observations might imply HSCR disease, but definitive diagnosis requires biopsy interpretation and confirmation of ganglion cell loss.