Optimal patient positioning for spinal anesthesia using a visual aid in cesarean section patients: A randomized control trial.

Background And Aims: Spinal anesthesia is the safest technique of anesthesia in parturients for cesarean section. Usually, patients are instructed verbally to acquire the ideal position for spinal anesthesia, but there can be difficulty in attaining the best position if patients fail to understand the verbal command, which will lead to detainment in accomplishing the technique and increased possibility of patient's dissatisfaction. Hence, in our study, we hypothesized that using photographs with verbal commands would reduce the time taken for spinal needle placement, reduce the total number of skin pricks, and improve the success at the first attempt.

Ultrasound-guided costoclavicular vs. axillary brachial plexus block: A randomized clinical study.

Background And Aims: Brachial plexus is in a very compact state at the costoclavicular space (CCS) when compared to the axilla, where the individual nerves are separate. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that brachial plexus block (BPB) at the CCS would result in a faster onset of block as compared to the axillary approach of BPB.

Material And Methods: Fifty patients who underwent surgeries below the level of mid-arm under ultrasound-guided BPB were randomly allocated to any one of the two study groups.

Amino Acid Profile and Lactate Pyruvate Ratio: Potential Adjunct Markers for Differentiating Inborn Errors of Metabolism.

Inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) lead to the physical and mental disability and death of infants, which can be prevented if treated early. Hence it is imperative in diagnosing these disorders at the earliest. The study is planned to differentiate suspected IEM by quantifying the lactate-pyruvate ratio (L/P ratio), Amino acid profiling by HPLC in addition to blood ammonia using the basic methodology in comparison to globally accepted mass spectroscopy technique and specific enzyme activity assays.

Novel HILIC-ESI-MS method for urinary profiling of MSUD and methylmalonic aciduria biomarkers.

Methyl malonic acid and branched-chain keto acids are important biomarkers for the diagnosis of cobalamin deficiencies and maple syrup urine disease. We report the development and validation of a HILIC-ESI-MS2 method for the quantification of these organic acids from neonatal urine. The samples were 100 times diluted and analyzed on a ZIC-HILIC column with 25-mM formic acid in water: 25-mM formic acid in acetonitrile (45:55) at a flow rate of 0.