The study investigates two cases of extremely low HDL cholesterol levels linked to mutations in the ABCA1 gene, which is important for cholesterol transport, particularly in Tangier disease.
In the first case, a 20-year-old woman with multiple health issues showed mutations leading to decreased cholesterol efflux and ABCA1 protein levels, while also having another condition called Krabbe disease.
The second case involved a 51-year-old woman with similar low HDL levels and different mutations confirming Tangier disease, highlighting the complexity of mutations and their pathogenic mechanisms.
- The study investigated the relationship between cerebrospinal fluid orexin-A (CSF-OX) levels and conditions like cataplexy and diencephalic syndrome in NMOSD patients, finding significant correlations with hypersomnia and MRI findings.
- Researchers analyzed data from 50 patients with hypersomnia and 68 controls, discovering that those with hypersomnia were more likely to have NMOSD and related conditions, along with lower CSF-OX levels.
- Key risk factors for low-to-intermediate CSF-OX levels included hypersomnolence and a high MRI hypothalamus-to-caudate-nucleus intensity ratio, which was associated with a higher occurrence of diencephalic syndrome.