Liposomalization of oxaliplatin induces skin accumulation of it, but negligible skin toxicity.

Liposomalization causes alteration of the pharmacokinetics of encapsulated drugs, and allows delivery to tumor tissues through passive targeting via an enhanced permeation and retention (EPR) effect. PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin (Doxil, Lipo-DXR), a representative liposomal drug, is well-known to reduce cardiotoxicity and increase the anti-tumor activity of DXR, but to induce the hand-foot syndrome (HFS) as a result of skin DXR accumulation, which is one of its severe adverse effects. We have developed a new liposomal preparation of oxaliplatin (l-OHP), an important anti-tumor drug for treatment of colorectal cancer, using PEGylated liposomes (Lipo-l-OHP), and showed that Lipo-l-OHP exhibits increased anti-tumor activity in tumor-bearing mice compared to the original preparation of l-OHP.

[Antimicrobial susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from urine at one hospital to mainly carbapenem and fluoroquinolone drugs].

We tested the drug susceptibility to 8 anti-pseudomonal agents of 97 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from urine between January 1998 and May 2004. The results were as follows. 1.

[Results of antimicrobial susceptibilities of strains clinically isolated at 8 institutions in Hiroshima City to major oral antimicrobial drugs, mainly new quinolone drugs. Hiroshima Levofloxacin Susceptibility Surveillance Group].

To evaluate the resistance for major oral antimicrobial agents, mainly new quinolones, we carried out a drug susceptibility surveillance of 3,050 strains of 11 microbial species clinically isolated at 8 institutions such as general hospitals and examination centers in Hiroshima city. 10 antimicrobial agents were used: 3 new quinolone drugs, 5 beta-lactam drugs, minocycline and clarithromycin. Among Gram-positive bacteria, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Enterococcus faecalis showed low susceptibility to the new quinolone drugs, while methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and Streptococcus pneumoniae were highly sensitive to these drugs.

[The antimicrobial susceptibilities and serotypes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from sputum].

During the period of January 1992 and August 1995, 75 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated from sputum at the Hiroshima Prefectural Hiroshima Hospital. The antimicrobial susceptibilities and serotypes of those strains were investigated. The results are summarized as follows: 1.

[Laboratory and clinical studies of norfloxacin in respiratory tract infections].

Norfloxacin (NFLX), a new quinolone antibacterial agent, was investigated for its antibacterial activity and clinical efficacy on respiratory tract infections. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Antibacterial activities were evaluated against 127 strains of various bacteria isolated from clinical sources.