Performance of recurrent neural networks with Monte Carlo dropout for predicting pharmacokinetic parameters from dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging data.

Purpose: To quantitatively evaluate the performance of two types of recurrent neural networks (RNNs), long short-term memory (LSTM) and gated recurrent units (GRU), using Monte Carlo dropout (MCD) to predict pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters from dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) data.

Methods: DCE-MRI data for simulation studies were synthesized using the extended Tofts model and a population-averaged arterial input function (AIF). The ranges of PK parameters for training the RNNs were determined from data of patients with brain tumors.

Sex differences among sleep disordered breathing, obesity, and metabolic comorbidities; the Nagahama study.

Background: Although sex differences in the prevalence of sleep disordered breathing (SDB) is recognized, whether a sex difference exists among obese individuals with SDB with or without comorbidities has not been well investigated. This study aimed to explore the relationships of sex differences among SDB, obesity, and metabolic comorbidities.

Methods: This study evaluated 7713 community participants with nocturnal oximetry ≥2 nights.

[A Case of Spontaneous Rupture of a Metastatic Renal Tumor Caused by Hepatocellular Carcinoma].

TA 51-year-old Japanese man presented with a history of percutaneous transhepatic portal veinembolization, right hepatic lobectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma, and left upper pulmonary lobectomy forpulmonary metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Owing to the elevated tumor marker levels,ultrasonography and fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography-computed tomography (FDG-PETCT) were performed, which revealed a left renal tumor 24 mm in diameter with FDG accumulation ;accordingly, renal metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma was diagnosed. Localized radiofrequencyablation (RFA) was scheduled due to the absence of metastases other than that in the left kidney.

Establishment and characterization of the novel myxofibrosarcoma cell line, SMU-MFS.

Myxofibrosarcoma (MFS) is one of the most common soft-tissue sarcomas in elderly patients. Owing to the limited efficacy of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, complete resection is the only available curative treatment. Therefore, developing novel therapies for MFS is important to improve clinical outcomes.

Secondary Osteosarcoma After Carbon-Ion Radiotherapy for Desmoid-Type Fibromatosis: A Case Report.

Background: Radiotherapy is considered an alternative treatment for unresectable or pharmacologically resistant desmoid-type fibromatosis. While it results in relatively good local control, the risk of secondary malignancy remains a concern.

Case: We present a case of secondary osteosarcoma after carbon-ion radiation therapy (CIRT).