High molecular weight hyaluronic acid alleviates ovariectomy-induced bone loss in mice.

Background: The rapid decline in ovarian function associated with menopause promotes osteoclast differentiation and increases bone resorption, disrupting of bone homeostasis and increasing the risk of osteoporosis. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a polysaccharide ubiquitously present in the connective tissues. Recent reports indicate that high-molecular-weight HA (HMW-HA) promotes osteoblast proliferation, enhances alkaline phosphatase activity and mineral deposition, and promotes the expression of bone differentiation markers, such as Runx2 and osteocalcin.

Gene-Silencing Therapeutic Approaches Targeting PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling in Degenerative Intervertebral Disk Cells: An In Vitro Comparative Study Between RNA Interference and CRISPR-Cas9.

The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a serine/threonine kinase, promotes cell growth and inhibits autophagy. The following two complexes contain mTOR: mTORC1 with the regulatory associated protein of mTOR (RAPTOR) and mTORC2 with the rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR (RICTOR). The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway is important in the intervertebral disk, which is the largest avascular, hypoxic, low-nutrient organ in the body.

Pylephlebitis Secondary to Diverticulitis Diagnosed by Abdominal Ultrasound and Computed Tomography.

Pylephlebitis is a rare infection, characterized by non-specific symptoms such as abdominal pain, that often leads to delayed diagnosis, yet it is a severe infection with a high mortality rate. Imaging studies are essential for diagnosis, and contrast-enhanced abdominal CT and abdominal ultrasound are commonly performed. A 51-year-old male was admitted to the hospital with fever and shock.

Successful Treatment of a Ruptured Left Internal Carotid Artery Aneurysm with a Type III Aortic Arch Using an α-shaped Guiding Catheter: A Technical Case Report.

In endovascular therapy, the induction and stable placement of the guiding catheter (GC) are not only the initial steps but also crucial techniques influencing treatment success. However, in some cases, GC induction is challenging due to variations in the aortic arch or tortuosity of the blood vessels. In the present case, endovascular therapy was carried out for a ruptured aneurysm in the dorsal portion of the left internal carotid artery.

Optimal Therapy for Postoperative Recurrence: Does Salvage Radiation Work for Locoregional Recurrence?

Background/aim: Survival outcomes in patients with successfully resected non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are not well understood. Furthermore, the best treatment strategy for postoperative locoregional recurrence has not been established.

Patients And Methods: Patients who underwent R0 resection of NSCLC between 2013 and 2022 were retrospectively reviewed.