Gossypol induces chloride secretion in rat proximal colon.

The effect of gossypol on electrolyte transport was investigated in rat colon mounted in Ussing chambers. The addition of gossypol to the mucosal or serosal side led to an increase in mucus secretion, which we did not quantify. Mucosally or serosally added gossypol also induced a rise in short circuit current (I(sc)) and tissue conductance (G(t)).

Ammonia inhibits sodium and chloride absorption in rat distal colon.

It was recently demonstrated that ammonia inhibits sodium absorption in the proximal colon of rats. In order to investigate the effect of luminal ammonia in the distal colon, sodium and chloride transport were measured in Ussing chambers. Under short-circuit conditions, distal colon absorbed sodium and chloride.

In vivo evidence of positive inotropism of EMD 57033 through calcium sensitization.

The previous separation of the racemic cardiotonic thiadiazinone derivative EMD 53998 yielded two enantiomers with different pharmacologic properties: EMD 57,033, a potent Ca2+ sensitizer with some residual phosphodiesterase III (PDE III) inhibition, and EMD 57,439, a pure PDE III inhibitor. Although numerous in vitro studies demonstrated the ability of EMD 57,033 to increase the responsiveness of cardiac contractile proteins to Ca2+, in vivo evidence for such an action is lacking. Because there is no possibility of directly proving Ca2+ sensitization in vivo, we attempted to exclude PDE III inhibition as a major contributing component of the positive inotropic action of EMD 57,033.

Roxindole: psychopharmacological profile of a dopamine D2 autoreceptor agonist.

The putative, selective dopamine (DA) dopamine-2 autoreceptor agonist roxindole, which also exhibits serotonin-1A-agonistic and 5-hydroxytryptamine reuptake-inhibiting properties, was examined for its behavioral effects in rats and mice. Roxindole inhibited apomorphine-induced climbing in mice and stereotyped behavior in rats with ED50 values of 1.4 mg/kg s.

Preischaemic as well as postischaemic application of a Na+/H+ exchange inhibitor reduces infarct size in pigs.

Background: During reperfusion of ischaemic myocardium, Na+/H+ exchange promotes recovery from acidosis resulting in an accumulation of intracellular Na+. This leads to calcium overload via Na+/Ca2+ exchange and might result in cell necrosis contributing to reperfusion injury.

Methods And Results: We assessed whether HOE 694, a specific inhibitor of Na+/H+ exchange, is able to reduce infarct size in swine myocardium.