[Follow-up of combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy of advanced bladder cancer using magnetic resonance tomography. Initial results].

A combination of cis-platinum and radiotherapy was applied in five patients with advanced bladder carcinomas. The patients were examined by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging prior to and following therapy. Corresponding to cell-kinetic considerations regarding tissues with slow cell turnover, a maximum therapy effect is shown about nine months after the end of local therapy.

MRI visualization of the aortic nipple.

The aortic nipple, a small "pseudotumor" adjacent to the aortic arch, is the left superior intercostal vein. In our series of 40 patients it was demonstrated in six; all had a right upper thoracic mass and four had a superior vena caval syndrome. Coronal magnetic resonance images (MRI) of the thorax were superior to all other imaging methods in demonstrating the nipple.

[Visualization of the left superior intercostal vein by MR tomography].

A retrospective study of 56 MRT chest examinations showed the left intercostal vein in its horizontal trajectory in 3 patients with left mediastinal masses compressing the superior vena cava. In 2 patients the posterior trajectory of the horizontal segment was clearly visualised. In the third case the anterior part, namely the insertion of the left superior intercostal vein into the left brachiocephalic trunk, was demonstrated.

[Magnetic resonance tomography in injuries of the cervical spine].

Twenty patients who had suffered spinal trauma were examined by magnetic resonance tomography. Fifteen patients with first degree trauma in Erdmann's classification showed no abnormality. Magnetic resonance tomography of the cervical spine appears to be a suitable method for investigating patients with whiplash injuries.

[Inflammatory changes in shoulder arthrography].

Arthrography of the shoulder joint in so-called periarthritis humeroscapularis often shows nodular contrast defects, irregular defects in the bursa and contrast-filling of irregular lymphatics; these are characteristic signs of a synovitis. Arthrography can provide an exact diagnosis, not only in suspected post-traumatic rotator cuff, tears, but also in other painful conditions that limit movement. It is superior to CT in demonstrating inflammatory changes.