A multi-institutional survey on technical variations in total body irradiation in Japan.

This study aimed to survey technical variations in total body irradiation (TBI) across Japan. A web-based questionnaire investigating technical aspects (irradiation method, in vivo dosimetry, organ shielding, and boluses) of TBI was distributed via the authors' acquaintances in each region of Japan using snowball sampling, and 73 institutions responded. The data were collected from January to April 2024.

Regulatory Approval of CAR-T Cell and BsAb Products for Lymphoid Neoplasms in the US, EU, and Japan.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell and bispecific antibodies (BsAb) have substantially improved outcomes for lymphoid neoplasms (LN); however, a comprehensive analysis regarding the regulatory approval for these products is not available; therefore, we aimed to address this research gap. We identified all indications for CAR-T cell and BsAb products for LN approved in the United States, European Union, or Japan between January 2010 and September 2023 using public databases. The United States was the most frequent region of first approval for both CAR-T (11/12 [92%]) and BsAb groups (6/9 [67%]).

Binding site loops D and G make a stronger contribution than loop C to the actions of neonicotinoids on the NACHO-assisted, robustly expressed Drosophila melanogaster Dα1/Dβ1 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor.

TMX3 is essential for the functional expression of insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) and RIC-3 and UNC-50 modulate it. In addition to these cofactors, NACHO has been shown to enhance functional expression of certain vertebrate nAChRs and an insect homomeric nAChR. Here, we have examined the impact of Drosophila melanogaster NACHO (DmNACHO) on the ACh-induced response amplitude of the fruit fly Dα1/Dβ1 nAChRs coexpressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes with DmRIC-3, DmTMX3 and DmUNC-50 and examined the actions of neonicotinoid insecticides.

NIR-Responsive Double Closed-Ring Isomer of a Diarylethene Fused Dimer Synthesized by Stepwise Photochemical and Oxidative Cyclization Reaction.

The double closed-ring isomer of a diarylethene fused dimer was synthesized by a combination of photochemical and oxidative cyclization reaction. The double closed-ring isomer of a diarylethene fused dimer has fixed π-conjugation in a rigid planar framework so that this compound has been long-desired. However, with respect to the photocyclization of a diarylethene dimer with strong electronic interaction, the second-step cyclization is known to be suppressed due to fast energy transfer into the closed-ring isomer generated in the first-step photocyclization.

Germline variants and mosaic chromosomal alterations affect COVID-19 vaccine immunogenicity.

Vaccine immunogenicity is influenced by the vaccinee's genetic background. Here, we perform a genome-wide association study of vaccine-induced SARS-CoV-2-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody titers and T cell immune responses in 1,559 mRNA-1273 and 537 BNT162b2 vaccinees of Japanese ancestry. SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody titers are associated with the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) locus, and T cell responses are associated with MHC.