Intellectual abilities in tuberous sclerosis complex: risk factors and correlates from the Tuberous Sclerosis 2000 Study.

Background: Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is associated with intellectual disability, but the risk pathways are poorly understood.

Method: The Tuberous Sclerosis 2000 Study is a prospective longitudinal study of the natural history of TSC. One hundred and twenty-five UK children age 0-16 years with TSC and born between January 2001 and December 2006 were studied.

The Tuberous Sclerosis 2000 Study: presentation, initial assessments and implications for diagnosis and management.

Aims: The Tuberous Sclerosis 2000 Study is the first comprehensive longitudinal study of tuberous sclerosis (TS) and aims to identify factors that determine prognosis. Mode of presentation and findings at initial assessments are reported here.

Methods: Children aged 0-16 years newly diagnosed with TS in the UK were evaluated.

[Severe chloralose intoxication in a toddler].

Unlabelled: We report a case of an accidental intoxication in a 20-month-old boy resulting from the ingestion of a rodenticide containing alpha-chloralose.

Case Report: Three hours after initial admission to the pediatric emergency department for wheezing bronchitis, this patient was readmitted with a clinical presentation of respiratory insufficiency, a Glasgow coma score of 9 alternating with agitation, areflexia and unilateral mydriasis. Parental interview revealed he had episodes of shaking in the afternoon.

Pathological demand avoidance syndrome: a necessary distinction within the pervasive developmental disorders.

A proposal is made to recognise pathological demand avoidance syndrome (PDA) as a separate entity within the pervasive developmental disorders, instead of being classed under "pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified" (PDDnos, DSM-IV). Discriminant functions analysis shows PDA to be significantly different on many counts from classic autism and Asperger's syndrome, both separately and together, including an equal sex ratio (150 cases). Demand avoidance using social manipulation is seen in all children, which strongly contrasts with the features of autistic spectrum disorders.

The burden of care: the impact of HIV-associated dementia on caregivers.

It has been suggested that up to 15% of patients with AIDS may develop HIV-associated dementia. The syndrome may be either abrupt or insidious and is characterized by poor prognosis. Increasing cognitive impairment will necessitate the patient receiving a substantial amount of care and support in the community in addition to medical treatment and periods of hospitalization.