Sex-specific stress and biobehavioral responses to human experimenters in rats.

Important factors influencing the outcome of animal experiments in preclinical research are often overlooked. In the current study, the reaction of female and male rats toward the biological sex of a human experimenter was investigated in terms of anxiety-like behaviors and physiological stress responses, as measured by infrared (IR) thermography, circulating corticosterone (CORT) and oxytocin levels. Female rats displayed consistently exacerbated anxiety-related behaviors along with elevated body surface temperature during repeated exposure to male experimenters.

Soman-induced toxicity, cholinesterase inhibition and neuropathology in adult male Göttingen minipigs.

Animal models are essential for evaluating the toxicity of chemical warfare nerve agents (CWNAs) to extrapolate to human risk and are necessary to evaluate the efficacy of medical countermeasures. The Göttingen minipig is increasingly used for toxicological studies because it has anatomical and physiological characteristics that are similar to those of humans. Our objective was to determine whether the minipig would be a useful large animal model to evaluate the toxic effects of soman (GD).

Intramuscularly administered A1 adenosine receptor agonists as delayed treatment for organophosphorus nerve agent-induced Status Epilepticus.

Exposure to organophosphorus nerve agents (NAs) like sarin (GB) and soman (GD) can lead to sustained seizure activity, or status epilepticus (SE). Previous research has shown that activation of A1 adenosine receptors (A1ARs) can inhibit neuronal excitability, which could aid in SE termination. Two A1AR agonists, 2-Chloro-N6-cyclopentyladenosine (CCPA) and N-Bicyclo(2.

Determining the spectral transmittance of photochromic contact lenses.

Purpose: This study evaluates the spectral transmission of photochromic contact lenses.

Method: A custom built photochromic filter transmission testing device (ICS photochromic bench) was developed to measure the spectral transmission of light adaptive filters. The spectral properties of seven contact lenses were measured using the ICS photochromic bench at 23⁰C and 35⁰C in their exposed (darkening) state at time points 0 s, 45 s, 90 s, and 15 min.

Impairment of wound healing by reactive skin decontamination lotion (RSDL) in a Göttingen minipig model.

Reactive Skin Decontamination Lotion (RSDL) is an FDA-approved skin decontamination kit carried by service members for removal and neutralisation of vesicants and nerve agents. The RSDL kit, comprised of a lotion-impregnated sponge, was shown to be the superior medical decontamination device for chemical warfare agent (CWA) exposure on intact skin. In the event of a chemical exposure situation (i.