Audiological follow-up in a risk-based newborn hearing screening programme: An exploratory study of the influencing factors.

Background:  Follow-up return rate in Early Hearing Detection and Intervention (EHDI) programmes is of specific importance as it ensures that benchmarks are met and that no child with suspected hearing loss is left unidentified.

Objectives:  The aim of this study was to determine the factors influencing audiological follow-up of high-risk infants in a risk-based newborn hearing screening programme.

Method:  A non-experimental, exploratory, qualitative research design was employed.

Numerical investigation of the cylinder movement in granular matter.

We investigate numerically the mechanisms governing horizontal dragging of a rigid cylinder buried inside granular matter, with particular emphasis on enumerating drag and lift forces that resist cylinder movement. The recently proposed particle finite element method is employed, which combines the robustness of classical continuum mechanics formulations in terms of representing complex aspects of the material constitutive behavior, with the effectiveness of discrete element methods in simulating ultralarge deformation problems. The investigation focuses on the effect of embedment depth, cylinder roughness, granular matter macromechanical properties, and of the magnitude of the cylinder's horizontal displacement on the amplitude of the resisting forces, which are discussed in light of published experimental data.

Philanthropy: a priceless lesson in healthcare leadership--the Sanford Health story.

At Sanford Health, philanthropic leadership has been transformational in nature. Denny Sanford's $400 million gift to Sanford Health (the largest known gift to an American healthcare organization) demonstrates how philanthropic leadership transforms an organization by enhancing the role it will play in its community, region, and beyond. This article describes how the gift came about, the accomplishments in fulfilling the donor's intentions, the leadership initiatives and challenges associated with the gift, and its overall impact on the organization.

[Induction phenomena during vertebrate limb development and homeo box gene expression].

In tetrapod vertebrates, limbs are formed as a result of inductive interactions between ectoderm and mesoderm. The mesoderm from the limb field induces the formation, in the ectoderm, of a pseudo-stratified epithelium, the apical ectodermal ridge, which in turn is required for limb mesoderm outgrowth and patterning. Homeobox genes from the msh family are expressed in the apical region of limb bud mesoderm.

Talpid2 limb bud mesoderm does not express GHox-8 and has an altered expression pattern of GHox-7.

We have studied the expression patterns of the chick homeobox-containing genes, GHox-7 and GHox-8, in the talpid2 (ta2) chick mutant whose limbs have abnormal pattern. These studies provide new insight into how homeobox gene expression and limb patterning may be related. This is the first study demonstrating a natural change in GHox-7 and GHox-8 along the anteroposterior axis.