Publications by authors named "K M Kiely"

When a neutral stimulus is paired with a stimulus denoting an attribute, the neutral stimulus inherits that attribute (i.e., Attribute Conditioning; AC).

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Objectives: The trend of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), a biomarker of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD, formerly known as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease), remains poorly described for the pediatric population because no widely accepted cutoffs are available to categorize ALT value. We described the nuanced changes in the distribution of ALT continuous values.

Study Design: We analyzed the data from 15,702 adolescents aged 12-19 who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys between 1988 and 2020.

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Objectives: This study examined the association between childhood adversity and late-life cognitive outcomes among older Puerto Rican adults.

Methods: Data were from the PREHCO study, a population-based cohort of 3,713 older Puerto Rican adults (mean age 72.5 years; 60% female).

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Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates how using small datasets to select an optimal cutoff score for the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) can lead to inaccurate results.
  • Researchers evaluated whether data-driven methods for cutoff selection resulted in scores that were significantly different from the true population optimal score and if these methods produced biased accuracy estimates.
  • Findings showed that many small studies frequently failed to identify the correct optimal cutoff score, particularly in smaller samples, leading to an overestimation of test sensitivity.
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Objectives: Deterioration in vision is an important dementia risk factor yet few studies have examined objectively measured changes in visual acuity over time. Visual decline may also reduce social engagement, highlighting the need to examine visual changes in concert with broader social function.

Method: The relationship between change in visual acuity (logMAR) and cognitive decline was examined in 2,281 participants from the PATH study using hierarchical linear regression.

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