Pneumococcal Disease: A Systematic Review of Health Utilities, Resource Use, Costs, and Economic Evaluations of Interventions.

Background: Pneumococcal diseases cause substantial mortality, morbidity, and economic burden. Evidence on data inputs for economic evaluations of interventions targeting pneumococcal disease is critical.

Objectives: To summarize evidence on resource use, costs, health utilities, and cost-effectiveness for pneumococcal disease and associated interventions to inform future economic analyses.

A predictive method for estimating the late angiographic results of coronary intervention despite incomplete ascertainment.

Background: Investigations of coronary restenosis typically use late (4-6-month) angiographic end points. Since only 50-80% of patients generally undergo repeat angiography, however, restenosis for the population as a whole is usually estimated by assuming that nonrestudied and restudied patients are similar. If restudied and nonrestudied patients differ, incomplete angiographic follow-up can yield an erroneous estimate of restenosis.