Pembrolizumab in Combination with the Oncolytic Virus Pelareorep and Chemotherapy in Patients with Advanced Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: A Phase Ib Study.

Purpose: Pelareorep is an intravenously delivered oncolytic reovirus that can induce a T-cell-inflamed phenotype in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Tumor tissues from patients treated with pelareorep have shown reovirus replication, T-cell infiltration, and upregulation of PD-L1. We hypothesized that pelareorep in combination with pembrolizumab and chemotherapy in patients with PDAC would be safe and effective.

Understanding clinical nursing education: An exploratory study.

Clinical experiences are recognized as a critical aspect of nursing education, highlighting the importance of the perspectives of those providing clinical instruction. The aim of this mixed methods descriptive study was to discover the knowledge and guidance needs of preceptors and clinical faculty who provide clinical instruction to Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) students. Fifteen clinical faculty and 17 preceptors were surveyed using a questionnaire developed and piloted by the researchers.

Glycolysis and energy metabolism in rat liver during warm and cold ischemia: evidence of an activation of the regulatory enzyme phosphofructokinase.

The current study was undertaken so that the effects of both ischemia and ischemia + hypothermia could be examined in mammalian liver. Particular reference was made to the function of glycolysis, which is the only mechanism for energy production under these conditions. The response of adenylate pools reflected the energy imbalance created during warm ischemia within minutes of organ isolation.

A prospective randomized clinical trial of liver preservation using high-sodium versus high-potassium lactobionate/raffinose solution.

High-sodium as opposed to high-potassium lactobionate/raffinose preservation solution offers potential advantages in improving the quality of liver storage by reducing potassium-induced vasoconstriction and preventing hyperkalaemia on reperfusion. In our study we evaluated in a prospective trial (encompassing 40 consecutive cadaver donor hepatic retrievals and subsequent transplants) the efficacy of a high-sodium formulation versus the standard high-potassium solution. Quality of preservation was assessed by clinical indices of liver function in the intraoperative and early postoperative phases, including measurements of requirements for blood and blood products and potassium, circulating liver enzymes and bilirubin.

Liver metabolism in cold hypoxia: a comparison of energy metabolism and glycolysis in cold-sensitive and cold-resistant mammals.

The effects of cold hypoxia were examined during a time-course at 2 degrees C on levels of glycolytic metabolites: glycogen, glucose, glucose-1-phosphate, glucose-6-phosphate, fructose-6-phosphate, fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, phosphoenolpyruvate, pyruvate, lactate and energetics (ATP, ADP, AMP) of livers from rats and columbian ground squirrels. Responses of adenylate pools reflected the energy imbalance created during cold hypoxia in both rat and ground squirrel liver within minutes of organ isolation. In rat, ATP levels and energy charge values for freshly isolated livers were 2.