Genomic Insights Into Red Squirrels in Scotland Reveal Loss of Heterozygosity Associated With Extreme Founder Effects.

Remnant populations of endangered species often have complex demographic histories associated with human impact. This can present challenges for conservation as populations modified by human activity may require bespoke management. The Eurasian red squirrel, (L.

Comparing post-treatment urinary and colorectal procedures in prostate cancer patients using population-based linked data.

Purpose: To investigate urinary and colorectal procedures among men who underwent radical prostatectomy (RP) and external beam radiotherapy (EBRT).

Methods: We studied 16,271 (RP = 8516 and EBRT = 7755) South Australian men diagnosed with prostate cancer between 2001 and 2021. Colorectal and urinary procedures were extracted from hospital admission procedure codes and Medical Benefits Schedule item codes.

Advancements and limitations in polygenic risk score methods for genomic prediction: a scoping review.

This scoping review aims to identify and evaluate the landscape of Polygenic Risk Score (PRS)-based methods for genomic prediction from 2013 to 2023, highlighting their advancements, key concepts, and existing gaps in knowledge, research, and technology. Over the past decade, various PRS-based methods have emerged, each employing different statistical frameworks aimed at enhancing prediction accuracy, processing speed and memory efficiency. Despite notable advancements, challenges persist, including unrealistic assumptions regarding sample sizes and the polygenicity of traits necessary for accurate predictions, as well as limitations in exploring hyper-parameter spaces and considering environmental interactions.

Prognostic value of comorbidity measures among Australian men with non-metastatic prostate cancer.

Aim: To compare the utility of various admission-based comorbidity indices in men diagnosed with non-metastatic prostate cancer.

Methods: The study cohort consisted of men diagnosed with prostate cancer between January 2002 and December 2020 according to the state-wide South Australian Cancer Registry. Comorbid conditions were captured for 11,470 men through linkage to public hospital admission data 5-years prior to prostate cancer diagnosis.

Relationship between radiation dose and cerebral microbleed formation in dogs with intracranial tumors.

Background: Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are a possible sequela in human brain tumor patients treated with radiation therapy (RT). No such association is reported in dogs.

Objectives: To investigate whether CMBs occur in dogs after radiotherapy, and if there is an association between number and dose, and an increase over time.