Single-Base Lesions and Mismatches Alter the Backbone Conformational Dynamics in DNA.

DNA damage has been implicated in numerous human diseases, particularly cancer, and the aging process. Single-base lesions and mismatches in DNA can be cytotoxic or mutagenic and are recognized by a DNA glycosylase during the process of base excision repair. Altered local dynamics and conformational properties in damaged DNAs have previously been suggested to assist in recognition and specificity.

Human cerebral blood volume (CBV) measured by dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI and 99mTc-RBC SPECT.

Background: Patients with elevated intracranial pressure risk compromising their cerebral blood flow, resulting in ischemia. Lowering of the raised intracranial pressure, is therefore, mandatory. Reduction of the cerebral blood volume (CBV) might be target.

Regional cerebral metabolic rate (positron emission tomography) during inhalation of nitrous oxide 50% in humans.

Background: Recent studies in man have shown that cerebral blood flow increases during inhalation of nitrous oxide (N2O), a finding which is believed to be a result of an increased cerebral metabolic rate (CMR). However, this has not previously been evaluated in man.

Methods: Regional CMR(glu) (rCMR(glu)) was measured three dimensionally with positron emission tomography (PET) after injection of 2-(18F)fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose in 10 spontaneously breathing men (mean age 31 yr) inhaling either N2O 50% in O2 30% or O2 30% in N2.

Absorbed dose distribution in glioma tumors in rat brain after therapeutic intratumoral injection of 201Tl-chloride.

Studies on animals with gliomas inoculated in the brain and treated with intratumoral injections of 201Tl-chloride have previously shown very promising results, with a survival several weeks longer than controls. Total regression was found in some animals, and necrosis was found in all the 201Tl-treated brain tumors. This study was undertaken to estimate the absorbed dose and dose distribution to the tumor based on the localization and clearance properties obtained from images with two high-resolution imaging techniques; pinhole single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and beta-camera.

Effects on the nervous system in different groups of workers exposed to aluminium.

Objective: To investigate possible neurotoxic effects in groups of aluminium pot room and foundry workers, aluminium welders, and a small group of workers exposed to aluminium in the production of flake powder.

Methods: Exposure to aluminium was evaluated with aluminium concentrations in blood and urine as well as a questionnaire. The groups exposed to aluminium were compared with a group of mild steel welders.