The HYdrocortisone for Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Respiratory and Developmental (HYBRiD) outcomes study: protocol for a longitudinal cohort study.

Background: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) affects up to half of extremely preterm infants, and is associated with adverse long-term respiratory, neurodevelopmental, and educational sequelae and costly health service and family economic outcomes. The NICHD Neonatal Research Network Hydrocortisone for Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD) Trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of hydrocortisone treatment to prevent BPD in high-risk infants. The trial enrolled 800 very preterm infants with respiratory failure and followed the participants until 2 years corrected age to assess safety of the trial intervention.

Social distancing and extremely preterm births in the initial COVID-19 pandemic period.

Hypothesis: Increased social distancing was associated with a lower incidence of extremely preterm live births (EPLB) during the initial COVID-19 pandemic period.

Study Design: Prospective study at the NICHD Neonatal Research Network sites comparing EPLB (22-28 weeks) and extremely preterm intrapartum stillbirths (EPIS) rates during the pandemic period (March-July, weeks 9-30 of 2020) with the reference period (same weeks in 2018 and 2019), correlating with state-specific social distancing index (SDI).

Results: EPLB and EPIS percentages did not significantly decrease (1.

Hydrocortisone in very preterm neonates for BPD prevention: meta-analysis and effect size modifiers.

Objectives: To clarify if systemic hydrocortisone, in protocols allowing to start it before the 15th day of life, prevents bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) or other adverse outcomes in very preterm neonates, and to identify any possible effect size modifiers.

Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Additional analyses included meta-regressions and review of biological plausibility.

Postnatal Corticosteroids To Prevent Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a common, severe chronic respiratory disease that affects very preterm infants. In utero and postnatal exposure to proinflammatory stimuli contribute to the pathophysiology of BPD. Corticosteroids, because of their potent anti-inflammatory properties, may decrease respiratory morbidity and reduce the risk of BPD in very preterm infants.

Pilot study shows skin-to-skin care with parents improves heart rate variability in preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Background: Skin-to-skin care in the newborn intensive care unit typically lasts for short periods of time and enhances breastfeeding, attachment, and parental self-esteem. Heart rate variability (HRV) increases with gestational age and is a measure of maturation of parasympathetic vs. sympathetic autonomic nervous system activity.