Degradation of polysorbate investigated by a high-performance liquid chromatography multi-detector system with charged aerosol and mass detection.

Polysorbate 80 is widely used as a formulation component in biopharmaceutical drug products. Recent studies have shown that polysorbate 80 is readily degraded either through direct or indirect means. The degradation of polysorbate 80 causes a concern for the long-term stability of biopharmaceutical drug product, as the breakdown products of polysorbate 80 have been shown to cause adverse effects, such as formation of sub-visible and visible particles and mAb aggregation.

Influence of charged aerosol detector instrument settings on the ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of fatty acids in polysorbate 80.

The analysis of polysorbate 80 is a challenge because all components lack a chromophore. Here, an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography system equipped with a charged aerosol detector (UHPLC-CAD) was used to study the effect of systematic variation of the CAD settings, namely evaporation temperature, filter constant and power function value (PFV), on the detector response of fatty acid standards and manufacturing batches of polysorbate. Evaporation temperature and filter constant strongly affect the detection limits described by signal-to-noise (S/N) ratios.

Unprecedented magnetic behaviour in lanthanide-based ionic liquids.

Ionic liquids containing lanthanide halide anions give the opportunity to investigate magnetic behaviour in non-ordered systems. Reported herein is the synthesis and characterization of ionic liquids containing a series of lanthanide halide anions, with the resulting materials displaying unusual behaviour below 50 K. Specifically, the ionic liquid structural glass formation appears to drive magnetic behaviour due to cluster formation of the anions during rapid cooling.

A Survey of N'-Nitrosonornicotine (NNN) and Total Water Content in Select Smokeless Tobacco Products Purchased in the United States in 2015.

This investigation provides an updated survey measuring the levels of N'-nitrosonornicotine (NNN) and water content of a select number of smokeless tobacco products sold in the United States in 2015. A total of 34 smokeless tobacco products were collected and analyzed for NNN and water content using LC-MS/MS and GC-TCD, respectively. Smokeless tobacco products were chosen to obtain a representative sample of the different types of products on the U.